Pittosporum undulatum (乔木, 灌木)

生态 分布 管理 影响 参考数据 联系

管理信息 预防措施：七里香(Pittosporum undulatum)风险评估，由Kaulunani 都市森林计划与美国森林服务部赞助，Dr. Curtis Daehler (UH Botany)执行，针对夏威夷与其它太平洋岛屿。外来植物检查系统源于Pheloung 等(1999) 小幅修正后，使用在太平洋岛屿。其结果是9分，建议如下：可能对夏威夷和其它太平洋群岛造成重大生态和经济损害，WRA 分数很高，这是依据已出版的描述物种生物学和行为学的数据在夏威夷或世界其它地区 物理方法：七里香(Pittosporum undulatum)控制方法的研究，一直在牙买加进行，它是一个严重的问题。手工拔除幼苗是成功的，但拔除后必须妥善处置，因为如果把它们放在地上，会重新长出新枝。剥树皮能有效防止发芽，但必须剥除地面到离地30公分以下所有的树皮。 化学方法：在南非，从接近地面削砍，然后于削砍面使用2,4,5-T柴油溶液，已证明是有效的。在澳大利亚，于削砍后的树桩钻孔，在茎上注入浓缩的RoundupR(草甘膦)，也是有效的。推荐使用草甘膦除草剂，因为它有效并且对人类健康和环境的风险较低。在重患区清除七里香的行动，必须考虑到清除后的影响。消灭了大量的树木会助长不良的非木质植物入侵，这些不良的植物会在受干扰地区大量生长(古德兰和希利, 1997)。              地点特有的管理信息 Australia Considered an environmental weed. Cuba Considered an environmental weed. Dandenong National Park Subject to a control programme. Hawaii Listed as noxious. Jamaica The spread of P. undulatum may threaten the survival of many of the 275 endemic flowering plant species. Research is being conducted into both chemical and non-chemical methods of control. New South Wales Classed as a weed that must be controlled and destroyed on both public and private land. There is controversy over whether this approach is justifiable, considering that this species is native to NSW and its spread is because of human modification to the environment. Saint Helena A joint South African/Australian project will be proposing biological control methods for this location. South Africa Has been affected by severe die-back caused by an unidentified disease. Tasmania Considered an environmental weed. Volcano National Park One of 41 alien plant species targeted for control. The control programme may have eliminated P. undulatum from the park. Western Australia Currently unassessed. Since it is declared a noxious weed in NSW, it is currently prohibited in Western Australia until a risk assessment is carried out.          管理资源 /链接 1. Daehler, C.C; Denslow, J.S; Ansari, S and Huang-Chi, K., 2004. A Risk-Assessment System for Screening Out Invasive Pest Plants from Hawaii and Other Pacific Islands. Conservation Biology Volume 18 Issue 2 Page 360.         摘要： A study on the use of a screening system to assess proposed plant introductions to Hawaii or other Pacific Islands and to identify high-risk species used in horticulture and forestry which would greatly reduce future pest-plant problems and allow entry of most nonpests. 2. Gleadow, Roslyn M.; Narayan, Indira, 2007. Temperature thresholds for germination and survival of Pittosporum undulatum: implications for management by fire. Acta Oecologica. 31(2). MAR-APR 2007. 151-157. 3. Goodland, T. & Healey, J. R. 1996. The invasion of Jamaican montane rainforests by the Australian tree Pittosporum undulatum. School of Agricultural and Forest Sciences, University of Wales, Bangor.         摘要： Available from: http://www.bangor.ac.uk/~afs101/iwpt/pittorep.pdf [Accessed 19 December 2002] 4. Goodland, T. & Healey, J. R. 1997a. The control of the Australian tree Pittosporum undulatum in the Blue Mountains of Jamaica. School of Agricultural and Forest Sciences, University of Wales, Bangor.         摘要： Available from: http://www.bangor.ac.uk/~afs101/iwpt/control.pdf [Accessed 19 December 2002] 5. Goodland, T. & Healey, J. R. 1997b. The effect of Pittosporum undulatum on the native vegetation of the Blue Mountains of Jamaica. School of Agricultural and Forest Sciences, University of Wales, Bangor.         摘要： A report detailing the effects of P. undulatum on Jamaica's native vegetation using experimental plots. In-depth coverage. This report provides the most up to date recommendations for the control and management of Pittosporum in Jamaica. Available from: http://www.bangor.ac.uk/~afs101/iwpt/effects.pdf [Accessed 19 December 2002] 6. Hortal, Joaquin; Borges, Paulo A. V.; Jimenez-Valverde, Alberto; de Azevedo, Eduardo B.; Silva, Luis, 2010. Assessing the areas under risk of invasion within islands through potential distribution modelling: The case of Pittosporum undulatum in Sao Miguel, Azores. Journal for Nature Conservation (Jena). 18(4). DEC 2010. 247-257. 7. Howell, Jocelyn., 2003. Pittosporum undulatum as a case study for native species that change range: How to avoid inappropriate responses? Cunninghamia. 8(1). 2003. 153-155. 8. PIER (Pacific Island Ecosystems at Risk), 2003. Pittosporum undulatum         摘要： Ecology, synonyms, common names, distributions (Pacific as well as global), management and impact information. Available from: http://www.hear.org/pier/species/pittosporum_undulatum.htm [Accessed 1 July, 2003] 9. Rose, Stefan, 1998. Integrating management of Pittosporum undulatum with other environmental weeds in Sydney's urban bushland. Pacific Conservation Biology. 3(4). Jan., 1998. 350-365. 10. Varnham, K. 2006. Non-native species in UK Overseas Territories: a review. JNCC Report 372. Peterborough: United Kingdom.         摘要： This database compiles information on alien species from British Overseas Territories. Available from: http://www.jncc.gov.uk/page-3660 [Accessed 10 November 2009] 11. Wade, Max., 2005. Priorities for the control and management of alien invasive plants on islands . Biology & Environment. 105B(3, Sp. Iss. SI). NOV 2005. 167-171.          结果页： 1